What the heck is “Tunnel of Guyon Syndrome”?
“Tunnel of Guyon Syndrome” is a neurological condition whereby the Ulnar nerve is compressed or damaged at the palmar aspect of the wrist and hand. This compression (or damage) occurs as the Ulnar nerve passes through a tunnel in the wrist called “Guyon’s Canal”. Guyon’s Canal is formed by 2 bones of the hand, the pisiform and hamate bones, and a corresponding ligament that connects both bones. The Ulnar nerve, after passing through the canal, will innervate the pinky finger and ½ of the ring finger including muscles in the area. When the Ulnar nerve is compressed or damaged, the patient may experience pain, pins and needles, numbness, tingling, a burning sensation as well as hand and/or finger weakness.
The causes of Tunnel of Guyon Syndrome are varied but are typically a result of repetitive or acute trauma to the area of Guyon’s Canal. For example, individuals who cycle for extended periods (particularly over uneven or bumpy terrain) can develop Tunnel of Guyon Syndrome by gripping the handrails of a bicycle. However, other causes can include tumour, ganglion cysts, osteoarthritis or fracture of the hamate (eg. can occur during baseball batting or a golfer striking the ground with a club as opposed to contacting a golf ball).
Diagnosis is usually made from a detailed history and physical examination by a trained healthcare professional. A Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) test may be ordered to further examine how the Ulnar nerve on the affected side is working. A Chiropractor and Physiotherapist can perform conservative therapy to the affected hand/wrist and provide injury prevention recommendations as well as appropriate rehab exercises and activities.
If you think you may be suffering from Tunnel of Guyon Syndrome, contact our head office to book your assessment today!
Author: Dr. Paolo De Ciantis, B.Sc.(Hons.), M.Sc., D.C.